Research Article
Economic Change and Political Development in East Asia A Macropolitical Overview
Sogang Institute for East Asian Studies, Sogang University
Published: February 2004 · Vol. 23 No. 1 · pp. 74-110
Full Text
Abstract
The impressive economic success achieved by the East Asian countries since 1960s has led scholars to look more closely at the role of developmental state and its impact on political development. The political sceneries and the level of democratization varies according to the stage of socioeconomic development. But it still struggles to mold out a new formula after the demise of the post-1955 regime. South-East Asian countries who lately copied the developmental statism of North-East Asian countries also succeeded to grow rapidly in the 1980s and 1990s. But its developments comprised the weaker side of ersatz capitalism. Therefore, democratic translations in this area have been erratic and conservative oriented. The mixture of market reform and soft authoritarianism has brought China into a rapid and persistent economic growth. Even though certain key aspects of the political system do appear vulnerable to rapid disintegration, the regime has been very successful to manage the social and political conflicts until now. Overall, the paper argues that there would be a hierarchical order of political democratization in East Asia from mature ones to least developed ones: Japan-North-East Asian countries(South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong)-South-East Asian countries(Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia)-Market Socialist countries(China and Vietnam). A region-wide overview tells roughly the interconnection between the level of socioeconomic development and the level of political democratization.
