This article analyzes the transmission of material culture along the ancient maritime route. Glass beads, pearls, tortoiseshell, incense, and medicine are among the most representative goods (materials) imported to the Korean peninsula from Southeast Asia. The pieces of high-alumina soda glass excavated in the former territories of Mahan and Baekje are assumed to have been produced in South India, Sri Lanka, and Southeast Asia. Concerning incense and medicine, their use and circulation are proved by the texts such as Samguk sagi (三國史記) and Mae Silla mulhae (買新羅物解). Ancient people burnt incense to commemorate important events of the person or the state, to take care of the garment and its hygiene. There is a piece of Agarwood in Shōsōin, Tōdaiji, in Nara, Japan. The statue of Avalokiteśvara from the seventh or eighth century CE, made of White Sandalwood(白檀) from Southeast Asia, is preserved in the city of Sakai(堺), Japan. These two items enable us to estimate the value and scope of circulation regarding incense and medicine. The transportation of goods between East and West during the Tang and Song dynasties' reigns influenced the maritime route's development. The Maritime Trade Bureaus (市舶司) established in the major ports in China, and the shipwrecks dated to the ninth and tenth centuries discovered near Southeast Asia, confirm the range of the long-distance trade. The foreign countries and the Korean peninsula would have traded directly or via an intermediate exchange. The role of monks, in addition to merchants, is noteworthy concerning the spread of material culture.