This paper is a study on the malaria infection and response situation of Korean force in Vietnam. The Vietnam War was the first overseas deployment of the ROK military and a large-scale Korean people went to the Southeast Asia region. Simultaneously, it is a chance of contact with unfamiliar tropical diseases. And so, it is necessary response against local disease. The South Korean military was hospitalized with 6,499 persons due to tropical malaria in Vietnam during the entire dispatch period, and 63 persons died. Malaria is one of the main causes of non-battle casualty. In particular, Malaria infections in the early years of dispatch were very serious. At that time, the ROK military headquarters engaged in various preventive measures against malaria, including strengthening personal hygiene, supply preventive medicines, air and ground-based disinfection, operation of a preventative duty platoon, and operation of quarantine stations to prevent domestic spread. These efforts resulted in a decrease in malaria patients since the middle of dispatch, and the experience in Vietnam contributed to military and domestic medical development.