Since the World War I, the Economic General Staff established in Japan and Manchukuo in 1920sⅵ30s acted as the critical institution for future total war. Such a movement was also emerged in Colonial Korea. Minami Jiro(南次郞) appointed as the Governor General of Korea in Aug. 1936 felt keenly the necessity and roles of Economic General Staff. However, the outbreak and expansion of Sino-Japanese War in July 1937 substantially distorted and transformed the plan of Minami Jiro. While the Planning Department using the word ‘Planning’ for the first time was organized under Governor General of Korea in Nov. 1939, it couldn`t help acting merely as the subordinate office of the Planning Board in Japan because National Mobilization Law was enforced. After the liberation from Japan in Aug. 1945 and under the US military government, the American planning system was combined. Since then, it was generally agreed to establish a powerful government authority for planning economic affairs through the discussion on government organization and the Constitution of Korea. Accordingly, the Planning Agency was organized as the core institution for planned economy on the basis of the Korea Constitution and Government Organization Act in July 1948. The Planning Agency executed the intrinsic functions of Economic General Staff including extensive survey on economic affairs, auditing on budget plans and coordination of policies among government departments. In particular, Hyun-jun Jung(鄭顯準), the chief secretary who had the experience as the government officer in Manchukuo, played the important roles in selecting the manager-level officers and establishing the management plans in the Planning Agency. However, the Planning Agency was pushed away by Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Commerce and Industry insisting the free economy system without progressive support from the President Syngman Rhee(李承晩) in the rapidly changing political events in early 1949. Furthermore, the outbreak of Korean War in June 1950 stroke the fatal blow to the Planning Agency and planned economy. After all, the Economic General Staff in the First Republic of Korea couldn`t help being disappeared even without realization of original idea. However, the Economic Planning Board newly organized in July 1961 was the perfect model completing the Korean-style Economic General Staff. Including military-style order of rank, planning reminding the establishment of war strategy, goal orientation and rapidity like capturing advantageous position, unity emphasizing the omni-directional cooperation, mobilization of personal and material resources and professionalism of knowledge, all these intrinsic functions of Economic General Staff implemented in the Economic Planning Board became the critical elements realizing the distinguished growth of Korean economy since 1960s.