This paper focuses on the health cooperation of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN). The purpose of this paper is to understand how member states have responded to health issues since ASEAN was founded in 1967 and how the regional cooperation has progressed. In addition, I would like to review the achievements and limitations of this regional level of cooperation in the progress of responding to COVID-19 and what will be the future challenges. Since the 2000s, ASEAN’s health cooperation has begun actively institutionalizing regional frameworks for the prevention and control of infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, SARS, bird flu, and influenza A. The success of the institutionalization of collective response and regional health cooperation was due to the recognition of health as matter of “national security”. In the process of responding to COVID-19, ASEAN leaders agreed to further strengthen collective responses through national solidarity and regional cooperation. However, the pattern of its practical response was implemented according to border closures, nationalism, and the health capabilities of individual states.